Teachers and Students Collaborating Worldwide
The 2000 report of the National Reading Panel defines phonemic awareness as the ability to focus on and manipulate phonemes in spoken words.
The Put Reading First publication describes phonological awareness as a broad term that includes phonemic awareness.
Phonological awareness activities can involve work with:
The National Reading Panel supports the following tasks presented in a sequential order based on developmentally appropriate phonological awareness skills. The studies they reviewed found that the researchers used the following tasks to assess children’s phonological awareness or to improve their phonological awareness through instruction and practice:
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